Sun02052012

Last update02:54:17 PM GMT

Caveat emptor

  • PDF
Image
corruption, from the Latin “corrumpo” - to break up, destroy, annihilate, spoil, weaken

The plan was to get one and a half billion Euros.  The Euros were to be spent on building an infrastructure that would be self-sustaining, thereby eliminating the need to ask for more money in the future.  The most significant hurdle in the implementation of this plan, everyone said, was corruption.

The city was papered with posters promoting debates about institutional and individual corruption.  Politicians made speeches, and t-shirts were printed with anti-corruption slogans.  I felt ashamed.  I knew that I was the cause of all these campaigns.  I was completely corrupt, and I often committed a dozen acts of corruption in a single day before sitting down to watch a movie in the evening.

That morning I lit the fire in the stove.  I had bargained for a good price on the wood and felt proud of paying cheaply for it.  But I knew the real reason the wood was so inexpensive.  Illegal logging was common, and it was very easy to let go wood cheaply when it came to you freely.  But I never asked the grinning man with the ax where the wood came from.  I only asked him “Sa kushton?” Then I rolled my eyes and shook my head until he chopped another ten Euros of the price.

I went to the cafe for a cup of coffee.  Along the road were dozens of clothing shops offering the latest brand names for prices that would be impossible in the United States.  I needed a new winter coat, and I had my eye on one particularly good buy.  The Timberland and North Face logos were, at these prices, undoubtedly counterfeit, illegally imported or both, but they looked warm.  I left with a blue coat bundled into a bag under my arm.

I reached the cafe and took a chair, watching the construction on the other side of the street.  The new apartments would offer a beautiful view of Pristina.  I liked my current apartment, but for the same money I thought that I might enjoy a modern place closer to the center of town.  It did not really bother me that the construction was most likely illegal.  I paid for my coffee and went to join friends for lunch. 

We paid nearly nothing for a meal that lasted hours.  Only yesterday this restaurant was in the newspapers.  The owner was delinquent several thousand Euros in taxes.  We ate our meal and paid, knowing that the owner would not use our payment for taxes, but we didn’t mind or even consider this.  It was a good meal.  We shook hands as we left, satisfied.  Around the corner, a kiosk selling DVDs advertised the new Batman movie.  The movie poster was reprinted on cheap paper in the DVD sleeve.  I paid a Euro for the pirated disk.  I wanted what I wanted.

At home, I remembered that it was time to pay rent.  I knew what a local might pay for my apartment, but I was charged the international rate: an informal scale set quite a bit higher.  I didn’t mind: everyone did it. 

I sometimes told myself that it was not my fault I was so corrupt.  It was not me that chopped the timber, loaded counterfeit jackets and shoes into the back of a non-descript van, failed to file the appropriate construction permits, tossed aside unpaid tax bills or sat in a theater aiming a camera at the screen.  But I knew that this was really only an evasion.  The only reason people did these things at all was because they had a buyer. 

In Kosovo they call it “getting a good deal.” Getting the cheapest price makes you smart.  Those t-shirt slogans and embassy sponsored ad campaigns were aimed at shadowy politicians accepting wads of cash to block legislation and faceless doctors wheeling patients from the public hospital to the private clinic.  But secretly I knew that corruption not only described the action of politicians and doctors, loggers and pirate videographers.  It takes two people to make corruption, to break something apart: a seller offering the cheapest rate, and me, paying for it and feeling satisfied, while helping to destroy, annihilate, spoil and weaken an economy and a country.

I wasn’t worried about being caught.  The posters and slogans were not meant for me.  They were meant for other people that I would never meet.  No one called what I did “corruption.” Instead, they called it “smart.”

That night I watched the new Batman movie.  The film was of a very poor quality; often audience members rose and walked down the aisle, obscuring the screen.  I cursed the bootlegger for not doing a better job and eventually became bored.  I was in a bad mood, perhaps upset with myself for being so corrupt.  I turned off my DVD player (I had bought it cheaply in the market) and resolved to be a better person.  Stepping onto the balcony for my last cigarette of the evening, I noticed that there was no tax label on the cigarette pack, but I enjoyed the cigarette just the same.
 
Blackbird is an American artist living in Kosovo.
 

Comments (7)

Anthony Barilla said:

Anthony Barilla
...
Fair enough, at least in the example of music, but only in that there do exist two traditions in the West - that of the paid artisan, and the newer collaborative model.

Still, if you say you do not want your music pirated, and you take legal steps to state your rights, you have a legal recourse in the West.

But, that particular issue isn\'t a great model: precisely because it is transitioning internationally now. So: let me apologize for offering it as a model - it\'s not a good one.

- - -

But you raise a great issue. Big (and largely corporate) corruption absolutely has a wider impact. And that corruption gets to hide in glass skyscrapers and boardrooms, while the so-called \"Balkan corruption\" is on display for all to see.

But those very practice--diamond mining, deforestation--are beginning to be widely condemned and more controlled legislatively because of social movements that initiated a chance of consciousness, not because leaders decided to do it first! Which leads me back to my earlier implication: no corruption can be eliminated by laws alone. It takes individual awareness to spark social change.

Kosovo is a small place with a small economy, and many of the realities here are determined by other (often corrupt) international realities. That does not mean that Kosovars are helpless to change their environment: especially if we agree that change works from the bottom up every bit as often as it comes from the top down.
 
December 02, 2008
Votes: +0

Ari said:

0
...
They have this saying in Kosova: low-level corruption is local, mid-level corruption is foreign-local cooperation, but high-level corruption is exclusively foreign.
True, corruption in Kosova is more pervasive, but it’s not nearly as big as corruption on Wall Street, British arms industry, oil firms and diamond companies dealing with corrupt regimes, raping of forests and use of cheap child labor in the third world. Those things benefit and touch us all, and especially the Western consumers, through cheaper and more plentiful goods.
The difference between that kind of corruption and Balkans corruption is the visibility to the final consumer. It is easy to figure that out too, though. But we continue to engage in it.
Some problems mentioned in the article and comments are due to the nature of the goods being traded. Selling recorded music in the third world is a rather new business, and a learned behavior. It's hard for some societies to wrap their minds around intellectual goods as property. There simply is no tradition of such a thing compared to Western European culture, where printing presses and other technological contraptions made possible widespread profitable dissemination of intellectual work. Besides, as in China and other places, communism and communal life has made sharing much more acceptable and friendly.
We are now seeing the opposite swing of the pendulum with open culture. We’re seeing Creative Commons led by Lessig, open source software movement led by Stallman and mashup and collaborative work personified in Wikipedia.
Illegal downloading of copyrighted music and movies is pervasive among the new generations in the West too. Try to convince them that they are stealing.
 
December 02, 2008
Votes: +0

Anthony Barilla said:

Anthony Barilla
...
I agree that corruption is a universal problem, but it does not permeate ordinary, day-to-day existence in London (a city with a population over 7 million) the way it does in Kosovo. Perhaps it would be useful (economically and population-wise) to compare Kosovo to a third of London's poorer buroughs. But even in that case, I do not believe that corruption permeates every aspect of life the way that it does here: where certain elements of nearly all ones food, transportation, clothing and housing are effected in some respect or another.

The same can be said in regards to human trafficking, or a host of other social ills. Human trafficking exists in Texas, as does corruption. They do absolutely exist everywhere, and it will be a long time, if ever, that we are rid of them. But these issues cannot be said to exist in the same percentage, or to the same pervasive degree. (If you turn on your radio in Texas or London, you are likely not participating in intellectual property theft. But in Kosovo, you likely are, even though intellectual property laws are on the books here.)

I do not think the Balkan reputation for endemic corruption is particularly undeserved. This does not mean that there are not passionate, honest people in Kosovo. But even those people are compelled, often unawares or unwillingly, to participate in low level corruption of some sort or another. The same cannot really be said about every other place in the world. The Balkans will benefit more than most places by encouraging a bottom-up approach to eradicating it.

In fact, as Besim suggests, corruption also benefits any non-Kosovars who wish to use Kosovo as a political bargaining chip. It "infantizes" this place: internationals are inclined to retain power here as long as they are able to claim that "Kosovo still doesn't have a normal society." I do not agree with this logic, but it is a logic that will remain powerful as long as we have a world with some countries at the top and the rest beneath them. In other words, it behooves Kosovo to eradicate corruption not only economically (because a fair and free market will encourage innovation), but also politically. Wouldn't it do wonders for this place to be known as the most honest place to travel to, do business in, or work at in the Balkans? As difficult as this might be to imagine, it's possible (largely because there is so much corruption in the surrounding countries as well.)

But here's the worst part: this can only be accomplished through personal sacrifice. It is not enough, nor is it possible, to police and legislate corruption completely out of existence, as the example of London (one of the most law crazy places in the world) proves. So, in Kosovo, people will have to make a personal sacrifice in order to personally avoid engaging in corruption. This means--at least in the examples I or "neighbour" have offered--not buying illegal products. This means giving up a lot of the items that we use to make our life comfortable, or at least insisting that we only get them through proper channels. This is a tough decision for people to make, but it would dramatically change life here.
 
December 02, 2008
Votes: +0

Natalia said:

0
...
The article is really very well written. However I think same article applies to many cases in this world. We mostly use stereotypes for almost each person, city or country we know. Balkans are always under the stereotype of corruption. Pity, though. However, it was in Kosova when I met for first time people very linked and attached to values, fighting for values, and worried about dishonesty. I was impressed by people who was seriously committed to a better life in all meanings. I cant express how much Kosova people has mobilized me and how much they put me on thinking. Simply because I also arrived there, with a load of stereotypes. Maybe it is time to start talking about those who really make chances, who really build something on daily basis. The people for instances who is working hard each single day for improving life quality in Kosova. Sure corruption is a big thing, however many talk about it without doing much further. I believe that there is a lot in Kosova to be valued, reconsidered and appreciated.
 
November 30, 2008
Votes: +1

Owen said:

Owen
...
Fairtrade certification and the concept of ethical consumerism don't seem to have achieved much penetration in the Balkans. But the dilemma you describe very well is fairly universal and we in London can't adopt a holier-than-thou attitude. What compounds the dilemma here for anyone who stops to think is the knowledge that the young Chinese men and women selling (pirated) DVDs in Brick Lane have been fetched over by gangs and have got to sell the DVDs to pay off the traffickers they've paid a fortune to for getting them here.
 
November 29, 2008
Votes: +0

Neighbour said:

0
...
Fantastic article! Thank you very much for writing it.
I absolutely agree - corruption is not about the scandals of the important politicians and businessmen, it is something we are all part of. All the things you mentioned exist only because we are interested and willing to pay for them.
I live in the north of Mitrovica and here we have an additional thing that doesnt exist in the rest of Kosovo - we use both dinars and euros and there are lots of money dealers in the streets of Mitrovica. Their rate is always better than the one offered by the local Serbian banks, so people always exchange euros in the street. One day I decided to stop this at least in my own life and I went to the bank to change euros.... I had the feeling I was doing something good, something legal.... but the guy in the bank looked at me with surprise and told me I should go to the street dealers because they would give me more dinars for the same amount of euros.... I insisted on doing it in the bank and was waiting for him to finish the transaction and then he almost got pissed off and told me 'Oh, so you are one of those patriots, aren't you?'

Corruption is so deep here that you would probably end up completely embarrassed if you tried not to take part in it.
 
November 27, 2008
Votes: -1

BESIM BEQIRI said:

0
...
It's almoste like a movie...
so well described, so true...
seems like if the poor people have lost faith in everything and don't seem to care about what's right and wrong or constructive vs destructive...that's what UN Nato, EU, serbs, and others are using to brake us down to small pieces
they are using theese filings to achieve something...
 
November 27, 2008
Votes: +0

Write comment
smaller | bigger

busy

Anna Wiman

Anna Wiman
Freelance Writer and photographer

Elizabeth Gowing

Elizabeth Gowing
Co-Founder at The Ideas Partnership NGO

Henry H. Perritt Jr.

Henry H. Perritt Jr.
Professor of Law Chicago-Kent College

Drilon Gashi

Drilon Gashi
Comm. Counselor to the Prime Minister

Arlind V. Bytyqi

Arlind V. Bytyqi
Editor-in-chief
New Kosova Report
 

Book reviews

Books on Kosovo

Book Review

Interested on learning more about Kosovo, its history and culture?

Then go ahead to our book review section and find the latest book reviews from various authors and scholars!